Passenger, baggage, or like car.



PATNTED JULY iv 19ML No.l 5793.823.

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RPPLIGATKH FRIED AUG. ll, 190%.

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PASSENGER, BAG'G'GE; UR MEE UAR..

PATENTBD JULY 4K, 1905..

APPLICATION TILED AUG. 11, 19M.

l0 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 793,823, PATENTED JULY ii, 1905. A. GHRISTANSON.

PASSENGER, BAGGAG-E, UR LIKE GAR.

APYLIUATION 1111113 AUG. 11, 1901.

10 SHEETS-HHEET 4;. wf

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PATENT@ JULY 4, 1905.

A. GHRISTIANSON.

PASSENGER, BAG-GAGE, 0R LIKE GAR.

APPLICATION IILED AUG.11, 1904.

10 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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WMTNESSES..

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PATENTED JULY Il,l N05.

A, CHRISTIANSON. PASSENGER, BAGG-AGE, 0R LIKE GAR.

APPLIUATION FILED A,UG.11, 1904.

l0 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

ENVENT'W.,

WIITNKLEE PATENTED JULY 4L, 1905.

A. GHRISTIANSON. PASSENGER, BAGGAGE, OR LIKE GAR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 1l,

10 HEBTB--SHEET 7.

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No., 793.823. PATENTED JULY l1,1905. 1L GHRISTINSON. PASSENGER, BAGGAGE,0R LIKE GAR. APPLIOATION FILED AUG.11. 1904.

1o sHBBTissmnfr s.

No. 793,823. PATENTBD JULY 4, 1905. A. CHRISTIANSN.

PASSENGER, BAGGAGE, OR LIKE UAR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.11.1904.

1OSHBETS-SHBET9- INVENTOR.. CL MM No. '7Q3,823. PATENTED JULY 4, 1905.

. GHRISTIANSON.

PASSENGER, BAGGAGE, 0R LIKE UAR.

APPLIGAIION FILED AUG. 11. 1904.

l() SHEETS-SHEET 10.

FIG. 18

WITNESSES. f/w (ggf C lfm lilo. 793,823.

in'.rrn *MTES Patented :any a, 1905.

lla'rnnr Finnen..

./lNlilR'El/V (JilR'IS'lANWflN, OF BUTLER. PRNNSYLVANl. ASrlli'GNOit TO@TAN HARD STEEL OAR COMPANY, Olt .PillfBBURina PENNSYLVANIA, CORPORATIONPENNSYLVANlUt.

SPECIFICATION forming' part of Letters Patent No. 793,823, dated July t,1905. Application filed August 11,1904. Serial lilo. 220,383.

.To all tlf/wmf it '11M/,y concer/t:

Be it known that I, Anonnw tfrnnsfrlanson, a resident of Butler, in theCounty of Butler and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new anduseful AImprovement in lassenger, Baggage, or Like Cars; and l do herebydeclaro the following to be a fnll, clear, and eX- act descriptionthereof.

My invention relatesl to passenger, baggage, express, mail, and similarrailway-cars, and more especially to such cars when constructed mostlyor entirely of metal.

',lfhe ohject of xny invention is to provide a niel'al car of thecharacter specified which is strong and light, which has the appearanceof an ordinary wooden carof this type., and which is capable of a highornamental linish.

ln the accolnimnying drawings, liignrel is a side view of one-half of acar constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of theframing thereof. Fig. 3 on its lower portion is a plan view showing theroofplates removed and on its upper portion is a horizontal section onthe line 3 3, Fig. 4t. Fig. 4 is a cross-section taken on its left-handportion on the line -i--il-, Alllig. 3, and on its righthand portion onthe line e 4, lfig. 2l. Fig. 5 is an end view of the c: llig. e is ahorizontal section on the line (i t3, lfig. 5, showing the end sill andconnected parts on an enlarged scale. Fig. i" is a similar view sl1owing a inmlilication. lFig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal section on theline 8 8, Fig. 2l, show ing' the draft-sill in side view and end sill incross-section. Fig. 9 is a plan view showing the corner construction.Fig. 10 is a section on the line 1010. ltig. Q. Fig. 11 is partly an endelevation and partly across-sectimi on the line il. l. i, Fig. i, of thecarroof. VFig'. 12 is in parta side view and in part a longitudinalsection through the end ofthe roof. Fig. i2 is a detail section throughthe end plate. Fig. 13 is a section similar to the upper portion of Fig.3, showing the parts on an enlarged scale. Fig'. lLlis a perspective ofthe {inshing-caeting. Fig'. l5 is a vertical section through the carside, showing a wooden interior finish and metal exterior finish, thesection being taken through one of the windows. Fig. 16 is a detailsection of the saine arrange- 50 nient, taken through the door. Figs.17' and 1t? are views similar to lldigs. 15 and 1t, showing' a metalinterior finish and wooden exterior finish; and flfigs. '19 and 2() arerespectively side and end views of the lower-deck carline member.

Yln the drawings Al have shown my invention applied to a baggage-car.rPhe sanne design, however, can be applied with only very slightlnodilications to express and inail cars and can be applied topassenger-cars hy merely olnittil'ig the side doors and proviiflingplatfornie at the ends of the cars. A baggageear has heen selected as ameans of illustration, hecause it practically has all of the features ofthe other cars, having the side win* dows which are found in all cars ofthis type, the side doors which are found in baggage, express, and inailcars, and the end doors found in haggage and passenger cars. The onlyfeature not present in a lmgg'agemar which is found in any of thesedesigns is the end platform of 1mesenger-cars.

My car is designed to he constructed mostly or entirely of inetai.lreferahly, however, 7S wood will he employed for the interior inieh,this heilig desirable especially in passengercars and may also lieemployed, in the other types of cars, or a metal interior or liningl mayhe employed in lmggage, express, and 3@ mail cars with a wooden exteriorlinish., er in theesc last-nan1ed cars hoth the interior and exteriormay he of metal.

rlhe nnderfralne is largely of a standard design heretofore in use inflat and bei; cars, being merely lnodilied to adapt it to sixwheeledtrucks. ',lrhe end-sill construction, however, is novel. 'lhennderfranle shown includes two center sills l, being of hniltmpplate-girder type having' vertical weh-plates 90 2, tapering from theirmiddles toward. their ends and strengthened at their upper edges hy anangle-bar 3 and at their lower edges ley a pair of angle-hara` fit.

The car side frames are so built as to carry a considerable portion ofthe load, thus dispensing' with separate side sills. The side framesconsist of a lower flanged member or chord, shown as an angle-bar 5, atop chord, also forming the plate and composed of a flanged member,shown as an ang'le-bar (5, tog'ether with vertical connecting' membersor posts 7 and suitable connecting' means. interposed between the postsT at the floor-line of the car are sections of angle-bar S, placed withtheir horizontal flange projecting inwardly and having riveted to saidflange the floor-plates 9. A metal plate 10 is riveted to the lowerchord 5, posts 7, and angle-bars 8, either externally or internally ofthe car, depending upon the finish thereof, and projecting up to thebottoms of the windows, this plate extending continuously7 either forthe entire length of the car or at least between the side doors. Theupper edge of this plate is riveted to a belt-rail, comprising sectionsof angle-bar 11, secured between the posts by knee-pieces or otherconnecting' means. The plate 10, in effect, forms the web of aplategirder and together with the horizontallyarranged angle-bars andvertical posts forms a girder of strength sufficient to carry aconsiderable part of the load.

Between the windows and doors above the belt-rail 11 are placed otherplates 12, either to give an exterior linish, as in Figs. 1 to 16, orfor an interior finish, as shown in Fig's. 1T and 18. There side doorsare provided, I add a short section of fiang'ed bar 14, extending'between two of' the posts and forming the upper side of thedoor-opening. The flanged bar 14 maybe riveted directly to the plate 6,as shown in Fig'. 13, or may be spaced therefrom, as in Fig. 1G. ln thelatter case an additional plate 26 is preferably used to unite the twoangle-bars in order to give additional A strength to the side frame atthe door-opening. A similar plate 26a may also be employed below thedoor-opening' and riveted to the angle-bars 5 and 3. The door-posts 15extend between the bar 14 and a section of angle-bar 8, which forms, ineffect, the sill of the door-opening.

The posts 7 preferably are angle-bars, as shown, and will have securedthereto a wooden strip 16 for receiving' the wooden lining 17, as shownin Fig's. 15 and 16, or the wooden exterior finish 13, as shown in Figs.1T and 18. The posts at the doors and windows, however, will preferablybe channel-bars, as shown, and also provided with a woodennailing-strip. The finish at the sides of the door and window openingsis given by a pressed-metal plate 19 of modified U shape (shown clearlyin Fig'. 13) and having' the edges thereof riveted to the flanges of thechannel-posts.

Suitable sills 20, preferably cast, will be provided at thedoor-openings.

At the windowopenings a wooden block 2,1 is placed on the belt-rails 11to form the window-sill, and at the top of the opening' a similar woodenfilling-piece 22 will be secured to sections of ang'lc-bar 23, securedbetween the posts. WV hen the interior of the car has awooden finish,the

i frame around the window may be built as usual. Vhen, however, a metalinterior is employed, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18, the window-sill isformed of a metal plate orcasting' 24, and at the upper portion of thewindow a corresponding' metal plate or casting'Q is employed.

The corner-posts consist of Z-bars 27, having' an ang'le-bar 28 rivetedto one edge thereof, thus providing' two fianges 29 and 30, projecting'at right angles to each other and having'secured thereto the curvedmetal finishingsheet 31, thus giving to the corner of the car the usualcurved appearance. The projecting fianges Q3 and 30 also serve as aconvenient means for having' riveted thereto the external side plates 1012 and end plates 3Q. Then the car is to be provided with a metalinterior finish, the Z-bar 2T has riveted to its web near its innerangle an angle-bar 33 and to its inner leg' or flange a channel-bar 34,as shown in Fig'. 7. The outer flange of the channelbar 34 and the outerflange of the Z-bar serve in this case for the securing means of thecorner finishing-plate 31, while the angle-bar 33 and inner flange ofthe channel-bar 34 serve as a convenient means for securing' in placethe interior side plates 35 and end plates 36.

The end posts 37 of the car preferably are channel-bars, as shown inFig'. 6, and at the end door-openings a pressed finishing-plate 19 isriveted to the flanges of the door-posts.

The end sill consists of a channel 39, which may be either rolled orpressed and is placed with its web vertical and the flanges projectinginwardly. This. end sill is bowed outwardly from end to end, so as togive the curved effect to the car end and is secured to the car sides byconnecting-castings or the like 40, one of these casting's being shownin Figs. 9 and 10 and being provided with faces 41 and 42 at an obtuseangle to each other, the one for riveting' to the car sides and theother to the end of the bowed end sill. Between these connecting-facesthe corner portion of the casting is rounded, as at 43, so as to fitinto the curved corner finishing-sheet 31. This corner connecting memberpreferably will be a hollow casting' provided with the verticalconnectingfaces and with top and bottom strengthening-flanges. It may,however, if desired, be formed of pressed metal. To the upper flange ofthe end sill is riveted a plate 45, having its outer edge curved toconform to the curvature of the end sill and having its inner edgestraight. The end posts 37 may be secured directly to this plate bysuitable angle or knee pieces; but preferably a IOO IIO

strengthening-strip t6 is interposed between the plate t and the lowerends ot' the end posts.

The undertrame is provided with suitable holsters 48, which are shown asot a standard type, having web members t7 interposed between the centersills and ear sides, the center brace 48 between the center sills,together with a lower tie or connecting plate 50 and a top chord, whichmay be composed oi' the metal Hooi-plates 9 or may be a separate piece.Between the body-bolsters the center sills are connected to the carsides by suitable transverse tloor-suimorts 51, which are shown assections oi channchbeams connected at their ends to the center sills andcar sides by suitable brackets or lrnee-pieces Two body-holsters will beused, as is common in passenger car constructions. The center sillsextend ont beyond the endinost of these body-holsters, and thedraft-sills are riveted to the ends of the center sills and have theirouter ends secured to the end sill by suitable connecting means. Thesedraft-sills are preferably of t. shape in cross-section, although theymaybe ot' other designs, and are slotted, as at 54C, to permit thepassage of the cross connecting member of the bul'ler mechanism. The endsill also is provided with perforations for admitting the buiier.

The end plate ol3 the car consists oi" a pressed open box-like member55, being ot a modilied channel shape, having the bottom web 56,comparatively shallow inner flange 57, and deep outer ria-nge 58. Thismember is bowed both outwardly and upwardly, and the exte rior deepllange 58 serving as a iinish for the upper portion oi" the car end. Theinner 'liange 57 straight from end to end. To the lower side oi web 56oi this end plate is riveted an angle-bar G0, extending across the car.in a straight line vertically, butbeing curved upwardly to contoim tothe curved contour of the end plate, this angle-bar serving as a ineansfor connecting to the end plate the upper edges oiAl the end sheets. Theends ot the end plate are secured to the corner-posts by means olknee-pieces 6i and have secured to the lower side thereoil verticalstitlieners 62 by means ot' linec-pieces 68. The box-lilre end plate isstiliened by means ot a pair ot' diaphragme 65, each being formed of apressed plate having a vertical web and integral edge iiianges. Thetlange at the bottom et these diaphragms serves For securing the same tothe lower :lace or web 56 of the end plate. The inner edge oit' thediaphragme is substantially straight; but the outer edge is curved, asshown in Fig. l2, to lit the contour of the cud hood oi the car, theupper end oi the diaphragm projecting a considerable distance above theupper edge or' the end plate.

The root is supported by metal carlines comprising a lower-deck section67, an upperdecl; section G8, and vertical coimectingmembers 69. Thelower-deck section is formed ot' a pressed plate of practically angieshape in crosseection, having one leg 70 arranged exteriorly and placedhorizontally lor supportingl the lower-deck sheets 1 and having theother leg projecting inwardly and downwardly. ',lheouter legl 7 O isbent inwardly at its lower end at 72 for riveting` to the top chord orplate G oi. the car side traine and is also bent downwardly at its innerend, as at 73. This lowerdecl member is curved, as shown clearly in Fig.11, and its lower end is somewhat wider than its upper end.

The [upper-deck section 68 of the cai-line is oi angle shape incross-section, preferably a rolled angle having' the horizontal legplaced at its upper edge for supporting the upperdecl plates 75 andbeing' curved tothe standard shape ot' the roof oi ears oli this type.The Vvertical connecting member 69 is angle shape in cross-section,having' one legl projecting' outwardly and the other leg extendinglongitudinally ot the car and at the inside thercolf. This verticalconnectingmember is riveted at its upper and lower ends to the verticallegs olf the lower and upper deel( sections 67 and A. metallic plate 78extends practically For the Afull length o',E the car, being riveted tothe .iianges 73 on the inner ends ot' the lower-deck sections 6T oi thecai-lines and tothe inner legs ot' the vertical members of saidcai-lines and also to diaphragms ot' the end plates. This plate 78 isprovided with openings 79101 receiving the ventilators. The lower-decksheets 7l are oi' curved contour, as shown, having their lower edgessecured to the car sides through an interposed lilling member 8U, so asto give a cornice and finish to the upper portion of the car. At theirupper edges these plates are provided with 'flanges 81, which areriveted to the ventilator-plate 78, and said decir-plates are slotted,so as to [it around the vertical members'GQ oi the carlines. it.flashing member consisting of a casting 82 lits around the lower edgeot' the vertical member el" the carline and is riveted thereto, thiscasting being provided with horizontal 'flanges 88 at its lower edge torreceiving rivets passing through the deck-plates and into the horizontaltlange of the lower-deck member (57 ot' the carline. These castingssecurely close the joint between the deck-plate and the earline, thuspreventing the entrance ot' water. The upper-deck plates Y rest upon thecurved upper-declr earlines 68 and have their edges turned down, as at8d, and suitably secured in place. Extending along the vertical carlinemembers 69 at their outer edges and suitably secured in place arescreen-plates 85, which may be oiAl any desired construction.

The end hood of the car comprises an upper hood-sheet 87, extending tromthe end ear- IOO IOS

TIO

line and being' curved downwardly and having its lower edge secured tothe upper portion of the end plate through an interposed filling'- pieceS8. Side hood-plates 89 extend from the end earline to the end of thecar and lie outside of said end carline, as shown in Fig. 1l. These sidehood-plates are provided with an inwardly-projecting flange 90, rivetedto the top hood-sheet 87, the latter lying' above said flange andprojecting' beyond the side hood-plate with its edge turned down, as at91. At their lower edges the side hood-plates are provided withoutwardly projecting flanges 92, which are riveted to the lowerhoodplates 93. rlhe latter are curved to the desired contour and areprovided at their inner edges with flanges for riveting to theventilator-plate and have their lower edges riveted to the plates of'the side frames through an interposed filling-strip, so as to give auniform finish to the car-roof.

The foregoing comprises the essential features of construction of mycar. Man y of' the details of finishing have been omitted, as they willbe varied within wide limits to meet particular conditions or designs.

The ear described is simple of construction, provided with a minimumnumber of parts, thus reducing riveting, and the design is flexible,permitting it to be applied to various types of cars. The design is suchthat the car may be provided with a metallic exterior finish and woodeninterior finish or with a nietallic interior finish and wooden exteriorfinish, or with both interior and exterior metallic finish. The car haspractically the appearance of a wooden car of the same type, and theweight thereof is not materially greater.

Many parts of the design can of course be varied in details ofconstruction without departing from the spirit ofI my invention.

vVhat I claim isl. A metal corner-post for rail way-cars comprising' avertical member having webs at rig'ht angles to each other and flangeson the edges of said webs, said flang'es being' at right angles to theirrespective webs and to each other.

2. A metal corner-post for railway-cars comprising a vertical memberhaving webs at right angles to each other and flanges on the edges ofsaid webs, said flanges being at right angles to their respective websand to each other, and a metal finishing or facing strip riveted to saidflanges.

3. A metal corner-post for railway-cars comprising' a vertical memberhaving webs at right angles to each other and flanges on the edges ofsaid webs, said flanges being at right angles to their respective websand to each other, and a curved metal finishing-strip having its edgesriveted to said flanges.

4. A metal corner-post for railway-cars comprising a member Z-shaped incross-section and a flanged bar riveted to one of its flanges with aflange projecting at right angles to the flange ofl the Z-bar member towhich itis riveted.

5. A metal corner-post for railway-cars comprising a member Z-shaped incross-section and having a flanged bar riveted to one of its legs with aflange projecting' at right angles to said flange ofI the Z-shapedmember, and a curved metal finishing-strip having one edge riveted tothe flange of' said flanged bar and its other edge riveted to the otherflange ofthe Z-bar.

6. A metal corner-post for railway-cars, comprising a web and twoflanges at the edges of said web, said flanges being' at right angles toeach other, and a curved facing-plate having its edges riveted to theflanges of said post.

7. A metal corner-post for railway-cars comprising a built-up flangedmember having external flanges at right ang'les to each other forreceiving an external finishing-sheet and having' internal flanges alsoat right angles to each other for receiving lining-sheets.

8. A metal corner-post for railway-cars comprising a built-up flangedmember having' internal flanges at rig'ht angles to each other forreceiving lining-sheets, and having external flanges also at rightangles to each other, and a curved finishing-strip having' its edgesriveted to said external flanges;

9. In a metallic railway-car, the combination of an end sill comprising`a vertical web bowed outwardly and provided with an inwardly-projectingflange at its upper edge, a plate arranged horizontally and riveted tothe top flange ofl the said end sill and having its outer edge curved toconform to said end sill, and a floor supported on said plate.

l0. In a metallic railway-car, the combination of an end sill comprisinga channel-shaped member placed with its web vertically and flangesprojecting inwardly and being' bowed outwardly, a plate arrangedhorizontally and provided with a curved outer edge riveted to the topflange of said channel, and floor-plates secured to the inner edge ofsaid plate.

Il. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the car sides, of anend sill comprising a flanged member bowed outwardly from end to end,and corner connecting' members having faces at an obtuse angle to eachother and riveted respectively to the car sides and end sill.

l2. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the car sides, of anend sill comprising a channel-shaped member placed with its web verticaland having flanges projecting inwardly and being' bowed outwardly fromend to end, and corner connecting members provided with faces at anobtuse ang'le to each other and riveted respectively to the car sidesand end sill.

13. In a metallic railway-car, the combination of' an end sill providedwith flanges at its IOO IIO

upper and. lower edges, a horizontallyarranged plate secured to theupper `flange ot said sill, a tloor supported by the inner edge of saidplate, and vertical posts secured to said plate.

141-. In a metallic railway-car, the combination of an end sill bowedoutwardly and provided with inwardly-projecting flanges at its top andbottom edges, a horizontally-arranged plate provided with a curved outeredge secured to the top llange ot said end sill, a licor supported bythe inner edge oll said plate, and 'vertical posts secured to saidplate.

15. A. metallic car-trame ijn'ovided with door or window postsconsisting ot vertically-arranged channel members, and metallic facingmembers of trough form and having their edges riveted to the flanges ollsaid channels.

16. A metallic car tramo provided with l'langed door and window posts,and pressed metallic finishing members having their edges riveted to theflanges of said posts.

17. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with corner-posts, and anend plate secured to said posts and comprising a metallic member havi ngbottom and 'liront members and Vbeing curved both upwardly andoutwardly.

18. In a metallic railway-car, the combination of the corner-posts, otan end plate secured to said posts and comprising a metallicchannel-shaped member having a bott-om tace and inner and outer flangesand being curved both upwardly and oiiltwardly.

l). In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the corner-posts,ot' an end plate secured thereto and confiprising a bottom web, a rearflange, and a Aliront ilange ol greater depth than the reartlange, saidmember being curved upwardly and outwardly.

E20. In a metallic railwaylar, the combination with the corner-posts,of. an end plate scoured thereto and comprising a bottom web, a fronttacing-tlangc, and a rear flange, said member being curved upwardly andthe front `flange and outer edge of the web also being curved outwardly.

2l. In a metallic railway-car, the' combination ot the corner-posts andan end plate scoured thereto, said end plate comprising a metallicmember oll open-box form, and diaphragms secured transversely et saidmember 'lor stiflening the same.

29. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the corner-posts,ot' an end plate theretor (',on'iprising an open-box-lilm member,vertically-arranged diaphragme extending transversely ot said member andprojecting above the same, and lougitudimilly-arranged plates securedtothe upper ends olf said diaphragms.

23. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the corner-pof.-;ts,oli an end plate secured thereto and comprising an open-boxf l l lidlike member curved upwardly and outwardly, a flanged bar secured to thebottoni thereof and curved only upwardly, and end sheets secured to saidl'langed bar.

2a. ln a metallic railway-car, the combination with the corner-posts,ol" a metallic end plate secured thereto and comprising a member havinga bottom web and an outer facingflange, said member being bowed upwardlyand outwardly, au angle-bar secured to the bottom of said end plate andextendingstraight across the car, and end sheets secured to said llangedbar.

E25. ln a metallic railway-car, the combination with the corner-posts.otE an end plate secured thereto and comprising an open-boxlile membercurved upwardly and outwardly, an end hood curved downwardly to meetsaid end plate, and diaphragms secured transverse-ly in said end plateand projecting above the same and having curved upper edges fitting intosaid hood.

26. In a metallic railway-car, thc combination with the corner-posts, ofan end plate secured thereto and comprising a member having a bottom weband an outer la-cing-llange and being curved upwardly and outwardly,diaphragme secured to said end plate and projecting above the same, anda hood provided with side sheets arranged vertically and having theirouter ends .secured to the end plate, and longitudinally-arranged platessecured to the upper ends otl said diaphragms.

27. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the corner-posts, olan end plate secured thereto and comprising a member having` a bottomweb and an outer tacirig-'flange and being' curved upwardly andoutwardly, ot a hood curving downwardly to meet said plate,vertically-arranged diaphragms secured to said plate and projectingabove the same and having' curved upper edges to fit said hoods, andlongitudinally arranged plates having their upper edges curved andhaving their ends riveted to the upper ends ol said daphragms.

28. A metallic carline for passenger and like cars comprising anupper-deck member, lowerdeck members, vertical connecting memberssecured to the outerends ot' the upper-deck members and the inner endso'l' the lower-deck members, said lower-deck members comprising flangedmembers ol curved shape and haringl one flange at the lower end bentinwardly :f'or riveting to the car side iframes.

29. ,ln a metallic passenger and similar cars, the combination with theside `trames and a carline connecting the same. said carlinecomprising-an up )er deck i'nember, lower deck inembers ot' angle shapein cross-section hav ing the horizontal legI arranged on its upper sideand having said leg bent inwardly at the lower end and riveted to thecar sides, and

vertical members connecting the outer otl the top-deck member and theinner ends of the lower-deck members.

30. In a metallic passengerand like car, the combination with the sideframes provided with flanged plates at their upper edges, of a carlineconnecting said plates and comprising curved lower members, ot' pressedplates provided with integral horizontallyv arranged flanges at theirlower ends for attachment to the plates of the car sides, an upperdecl;member, said upper and lower decl; members being provided with verticalflanges, and vertical connecting members riveted directly to thevertical llanges at the inner ends ot' the lower-deck members and theouter ends of the upper-deck member.

31. 1n a metallic railway-car, the combination with the side frames, ofacarline connecting the same and comprising an upper-deck member,lower-deck members having' their outer ends secured to the sidei'rames,and vertical connectingl members secured to the inner ends of saidlower-deck members and the outer ends of the top-deck member, saidlowerdeck members being provided on their inner ends withvertically-disposed flanges, and ventilator-plates secured to thevertical members of the carline and to the vertical flanges on the innerends ot' the lower-deck members.

39.. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the side frames, ofa carline connecting the same and comprising an upper-deck member,lower-decl( members secured to the side frames, and vertical membersconnecting the outer ends of the upper-deck member and the inner ends ofthe lowerdecl; members, and ventilator-plates extending longitudinallyof the car and secured to the vertical members of said carlines.

33. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the side frames, otcarlines connecting the same and comprising upper-deck members andlower-deck members each provided with vertical lianges, verticalconnecting members riveted to the vertical flanges of said upper andlower deck members and being' provided on their inner edges with llangesdisposed longitudinally of the car, and ventilater-plates secured tosaid lianges.

34. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the side frames, oicarlines connecting the same and comprising' upper and lower decl; andvertical connecting members, ol ventilating-plates extendinglongitudinally ol the car and secured to said vertical connectingmembers, and lower-deck plates supported by the lower-deck members ot'the carlines and being provided with upturned flanges at their upperedges and riveted to the ventilator-plates.

35. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the side frames, oiIcarlines connecting the same and comprising upper-deck,

ends l lower-deck,andverticalconnecting'members,

oi deck-plates supported on the lower-deck members and being slotted attheir upper edges and fitting around the vertical members ol' thecarlines, and flashing mem-bers also fitting around said carline membersand provided with outwardly-projecting llanges at their lower edges andriveted to said decliplates.

36. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the side frames, otlcarlines connecting the same and comprising upper-deck, lower-deck, andvertical connecting members, said vertical connecting members beingprovided on their inner edges with ilanges disposed longitudinally ofthe car, ventilatorplates riveted to said flanges, lower decl( platessupported on the lower-deck members of the carlines and being slotted attheir upper edges and fitting around said carlines and having said upperedges secured to said ventilator-plates, and flashing members littingaround said vertical carline members and provided at their lower edgeswith outwardly-projectingflanges riveted to said deckplates.

37. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the side frames, ofcarlines connecting the same and comprising upper-deck, lower-deck, andvertical connecting members, said lower-deck members having their outerends secured to the side frames and being provided at their inner endswith verticallydisposed flanges, and said vertical connecting membersbeing provided ontheir inner edges with flanges arranged longitudinallyof the car, and plates extending longitudinally of the car and arrangedvertically and riveted to the flanges of the vertical connecting membersand the iianges at the inner ends of the lower-deck members.

3S. In a metallic railway-car, the combination with the side frames, ofcarlines connecting' the same and comprising upper-deck, lower-deck, andvertical connecting members, lower-deck plates supported on saidlowerdeck members and having their edges extending downwardly outside otthe car side frames, and spacing members separate from the car sides anddeck-plates and located between said car side frames and the lower edgesof said deck-plates.

39. 1n a metallic railway-car, the combination with the side frames, ofcarlines connecting the same and comprising upper-deck, lower-deck, andvertical connecting members, plates riveted to said vertical members ontheir inner sides and extending longitudinally of the car, andvertically arranged hoodsheets at the end or' the car having their endsriveted to the outer edges of the vertical connecting members of the endcarlines.

a0. 1n a metallic railway-car, the combination with the side frames, ofend plates hav- IOO IIO

ing); their ends connected to said side frames and being provided wlthnbottom web7 and nn outer famng-Hzlnge and belng' bowed upwardly andontwardiy, vertically-zn'ranged (Alnphrztgms Secured to said end plates,ozu'- lines connecting said side frmnes and comjprising upper-deck,lower-deck, and vertical connecting members, andlolflg'itudinnliy-:Lrranged plates secured tothe vertical connect-

